???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ????????? ????? 1896 ???? ?????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ????????

????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ?????????? ????????? ????????????? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ??????????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ????? (?????) O ??? H ???????????????? ?????? ????

?? ????????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????, ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????????????

????? ??????? ????, ?? ????, ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????

??????? ???? ??? ????? ?????

??????? ????, ?? ???????? ???? ????? ??????, ????????? ???????????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ???????????? ????? ?????????????? ???????? ????

???????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????????, ???? ????, ?????????, ????????? ?? ????????????, ???? ?????, ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ?? ?????????? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????????????

???????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ??????, ???? ????? ??????, ??? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????, ?? ?????????? ???? ????? ???? ????????? ????????????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ?????? ????

?? ???????????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ????????? ????????????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ???????????? ??? ??????:

1. ????????? ?????, ??. ????? ????? ??????i,
2. ????????? ???????????, ?? ??. ??????????? ????? ??????

???, ???????????? ??. ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ??????:

1. ??. ????? O (TO) ????????? ???????????
2. ??. ????? H (TH) ?????????? ???????????

????????, ??. ??????????? ?????????????? ?????????? ???? ??????????? ??????:

1. ??. ??????????? A
2. ?? ??????????? B

????? ??????? ??????????? ????? ??? ???????? ???? ????, ????? ??????? ??????????? ????? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ????

????? ??????? ????

???? ??? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ????? ????? ???, ??? ??? ??????????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????????? ??????? ??, ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ????????????? ???????? ??????????? ???? ???? ????????, ??????????????? ????????????? (????????????) ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ????

?? ?????????????? ????? ???? ????????? ???????????? ?? ????????????? ?????????????? ????? ???? ?? ??????????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ???, ????? ????? ???? (?????) ??????????? ????? ?? ???? ?????????????? ????????? ????????? ????????????????? ???????????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????

????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ????????? ??????????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ????????? ????????????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????

?? ??????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ????????????? ?????? ?????? ???:

????? ??????? ?????????

?????? ????? ?????

???? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ???, ?????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ???:

1. ????? ?????
2. ????? (????? ???)
3. ?????
4. ??. ??????????? ( O, H, AH, BH)
5. ??????
6. ????? ?????
7. ????????

O Ag (??????? ?? ?????? Ag), H AG (??????????), AH Ag, BH Ag ???????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????????? ???????? ????

????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ??:

1. ????? ????? ?????

?? ???????? ????, ???? O, H, AH, BH, PC ??? NC ?????? ??????? 6 ?? ????????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????,

• ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ????????? ????? ?????, ????., O, H, AH, BH?
• ???? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ?????
• ????, O ???????? ?? ????? O ???????????, P ?????? P ???????????, AH ?????? AH ??????????? ??? BH ?????? BH ??????????? ??? ?????
• ???? ??? ???? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ???????????, ????., O, H, AH, BH ??? ?????
• ????, ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ??????????? ???????? ????? ???? ???????? ????????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ????
• ???????, ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ???, ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????
• ??????, ????? ??? ????????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????????? ???? ???? ????????? ????? ??????

????? ?????? ??????? ???, ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????????? ?????? ??? ??? ????????? PC (+ve ???????? ???????) ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??? NC (-ve ???????? ???????) ?? ??? ???? ???? ?????, ??? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ??? |

???, ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ???, ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ????, ???? ????????????? ???????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ????????????, ??? ????? ????????? O ?????? ???, ????? ???? ???????? ????????? O ???????? ????

???????? ????????, O ??? H, ??????, S. Typhi ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ????????? ????????? AH ?? BH ?????? ?????

1. ???? ???????? ????? ?????: ??? ???? ???-?????????? ???????, ??? ???? ???? O ??????? ????? ??? O ?????? ???, H ??? H ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ????????? ??????? ????, ?? ??????????? ?????? ????:

• 8?? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ????: O ????????????? ???? ????? ??? H ?? ???? ??????
• ???, ??? ??? ????????? O ?????? ???, ????? 5 ul ????? ????? 1? O ????????, 10 ul 2??, 20 ul 3?? ??? 40 ul 4??? ???????? ???????????? ??????
• ???????, ????? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????
• ??????? ????, ??? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? 1:40, 3?? ?????? 1:80, 2?? 1:160 ??? 1? ?????? 1:320?

????? ?????-?????? ??????? ????????

????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ???, ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? O ???????? 100 ??? ???? ??? H ?? ???????? 200 ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????

???? ?????, ??? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? O-?? 100 ?? ???? ??? H ?? 200 ???? ???, ????????????????, ???????????, ??????, ?? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????

???? ?????????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ???????? ???? ?????:

• ??? S. Typhi 1:80 ?? ????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? S. Typhi 1:160 ?? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???????
• S. Typhi 1:80 ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??? S. Typhi 1:160 ?? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???????

??? S. Typhi O ?????? ???, ????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ???, ?????? S. Typhi H ?? ????????, ???? ?????? ???????? ????????, ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? O ??? H ???? ????????????? ???? ?? 1:80 ?? ???? ?????

???? ????? ?????

????? ??? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????, ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????; ????????????? ???? ??????? ?????, ???? ???? ?????? ???, ??????? ??? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ????; ???, ???? ???? ????? ????? ??????????? ???? ??????? ????

????, ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ??:

• H ???????????????? ???? ?????????? ????
• O ???????????????? ???? ??????? ????

?????, 3 x 0.5 ???? Kahn ???? O ??? H ??????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????

????????????? ???? ??????? ??????????:

???? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?????? ????, ?????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ???:

1. ????? ?????
2. O, H, AH ??? BH ???????????
3. ?????? ????????
4. ?????
5. ????? ???? ?‍????
6. ????? ????
7. ??? ?????

?? ??????? ???? ???? ???, ??? ?????? ??? ????????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????

1. ?????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?‍????? ?????? O ?? ????????, ?????????? 1 ???? 9 ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????
2. ????? ?????????? 0.1 ???? ????? ???????? ??? 0.9 ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ????????, ??????? ??????? ?????? 0.5 ?????? ???????? ??? ?????
3. ?? ???, ????? ???? ???? 0.5 ???? ??? ??? ???????????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????????? 1 ? 0.5 ???? ??? ????????? 2?? 1 ???? ??????? ??????
4. ?? ???????????? ??????????? ???? ??????, ??? ???? ???? 0.5 ???? ??? ??? ????? 1 ???? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ????? 8 ?? ???? ?????, 0.5 ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??????
5. ????? ???? ???????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???????? 1:10, 1:20, 1:40, 1:80, 1:160, 1:320, 1:640 ??? 1:1280?
6. ???? ???? (9?) ????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????
7. ????, ????? ???? ????? 0.5 ???? ????????? ??????????? (O, H, AH, BH) ??? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? 1 ???? ??? ??????
8. ????? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ??, ?????? ???? 1:20, 1:40, 1:80, 1:160, 1:320, 1:640, 1:1280, 1:2580 ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????
9. ???, ??????? ?????, ???? ??? 37 ?????? ?????????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ???? (18 ???? 24 ?????)

????? ?????-???? ??????? ????????

??? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?????????????? ???, ????? ???? ????? ????? ?? 9? ???? (?????? ????????) ???? ???? ????????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ?? ????, ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ???? ???????? ??? ???

??? ?????????????? ?????? ????? O ?? ???????? 1:100 ??? H ?? ???????? 1:200 ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?????? (??????? ???????) ???? ??? ??????, ??????? ???????????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????

????? ??????? ??????????

??? ?????? ???, ???????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?????, ??? ?? ???? ??????????? ???, ??? ????? ??????:

1. ?????? ???? ?? S. Typhi ????????? ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?????
2. ????? ????? ???????????; ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ???, ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????
3. ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????, ??????? ??????? ?? S. Typhi ?????????? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ???
4. ??????, ????? ???????????? ???????????, ???????????? ?????? ???, ?????????? ???????????, ????????? ????????? ??? ??????????????? ???????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?????
5. ?????? ???????? ???? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????, ??? ???????? ????????? ???? ????????? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?????

???, ????????????? ???????? ??????????? ?????????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????

????? ??????? ???

???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ???????, ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?????????? ??????, ????? ???????? ??? ????? xxx?

?????? ??????????? ????????????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ????, ??????????? ??????? ????, ??? ????? ??? ????, ???????????????? ????? ???? ??????? ???| ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??? ?????????? ??????????? ??????? ?????

???????

????? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ????????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ????????? ??????, ?????? ??????? ???? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????, ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ????????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????

????? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ????????? ????? ????, ???? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??????